Carnegiea gigantea, Giant Saguaro

Southwest Desert Flora

Home to the plants of the Sonoran, Chihuahuan and Mojave Deserts

Cirsium ochrocentrum, Yellowspine Thistle

Cryptantha pterocarya, Wingnut Cryptantha


Scientific Name: Cryptantha pterocarya
Common Name: Wingnut Cryptantha

Also Called: Winged Pick-Me-Not, Winged-nut Cryptantha, Wingnut Catseye, Wing-Nut Cat's-Eye, Wing-nut Forget-Me-Not (Spanish: Peluda (generic), Nievitas)

Family: Boraginaceae, Forget-Me-Not Family

Synonyms: (Eritrichium pterocaryum, Krynitzkia pterocarya)

Status: Native

Duration: Annual

Size: Up to 15 inches (40 cm) or more.

Growth Form: Forb/herb; 0 to few branches, however occasionally many, branches ascending; plants with straight, stiff, closely appressed hairs (strigose), generally rough in texture.

Leaves: Green; leaves about 2 inches (5 cm) long, linear to oblong below, lanceolate above, leaves without stalks (sessile); straight, stiff hairs (strigose, leaf bases generally bulbous.

Flower Color: White; funnelform corolla typical white, seldom yellow; flowering inflorescence a cyme but only slightly curved completely like a scorpions tail or not at all, inflorescence in 1's, 2's or 3's; fruit a nutlet that is often but not always winged.

Flowering Season: March to May or June.

Elevation: Below 4,000 feet (1,200 m).

Habitat Preferences: Rocky and gravelly soils.

Recorded Range: In the United States Wingnut Cryptantha can be found in the southwestern and northwestern states; AZ, CA, CO, ID, NM, NV, OR, TX, UT and WA. It is also native to Baja California and northwestern Mexico (Sonora). In Arizona it is found throughout the state usually below 4,000 feet elevation.

North America & US County Distribution Map for Cryptantha pterocarya.

U.S. Weed Information: No data listed.
Invasive/Noxious Weed Information: No data listed.
Wetland Indicator: No data listed.
Threatened/Endangered Information: No data listed.

Genus Information: In North America there are 117 species and 117 accepted taxa overall for Cryptantha. Worldwide, The Plant List includes 179 accepted species names and a further 142 scientific names of infraspecific rank for the genus.

In the Southwestern United States: Arizona has 37 species of genus, California has 60 species, Nevada has 44 species, New Mexico has 23 species, Texas has 15 species, Utah has 55 species. All data approximate and subject to revision.

The genus Cryptantha was published by Johann Georg Christian Lehmann in 1837.

There are 3 varieties in Cryptantha pterocarya;
Cryptantha pterocarya var. cycloptera, Wingnut Cryptantha, (AZ, CA, CO, NM, NV, TX, UT);
blooms March to May; below 4,500 feet (1,400 m); habitat: Gravelly to rocky soils, slopes, washes, often limestone-based, generally creosote-bush scrub, desert woodland, occasionally pinyon/juniper woodland.
Cryptantha pterocarya var. pterocarya, Wingnut Cryptantha (AZ, CA, CO, ID, NM, NV, OR, TX, UT, WA);
blooms March to July; (300) 656 to 8,600 feet ((100)200--2630 m.); habitat: Sandy to gravelly soils.
Cryptantha pterocarya var. stenoloba, Wingnut Cryptantha (AZ, NV).

Comments: Members of the genus Cryptantha are collectively referred to as Cat’s Eyes or Popcorn Flowers.

Cryptantha species have typically white flowers in spikes like a scorpions (scorpioid) tail. They are often difficult to identify in the field or lab and a close examination (10x loupe or dissecting scope) of the flowers and the small seeds or nutlets is usually required. Wingnut Cryptantha however has a somewhat unique easily recognizable profile with its large fruits.

In Southwest Desert Flora also see: Bearded Cryptantha, Cryptantha barbigera, Gander's Cryptantha, Cryptantha ganderi, Narrowstem Cryptantha, Cryptantha gracilis, Panamint Cryptantha, Johnsonella angustifolia (Cryptantha), Redroot Cryptantha, Cryptantha micrantha and Torrey's Cryptantha, Cryptantha torreyana.

Importance to Wildlife, Birds and Livestock
Although seeds of Cryptantha pterocarya are small, they may be eaten by ground foraging birds and small mammals.

Special Value to Native Bees, Butterflies and Insects
In Boraginaceae, pollination usually takes place with the assistance of insects of the Order Hymenoptera which includes the sawflies, wasps, bees and ants. Cryptantha pterocarya flowers may be visited by bees and other small insects.

Etymology:
The genus Cryptantha (Cryptan'tha:) is from the Greek word "kryto", meaning "to hide, hidden," and "anthos", meaning "flower"; together meaning "hidden flower", a reference to the first known species which had small inconspicuous flowers which self-fertilized without opening. The genus Cryptantha was published by Johann Georg Christian Lehmann in 1837.

The species epithet "pterocarya" (pterocar'ya:) "wing-nut" from Greek "pteron" and "karyon".

Ethnobotany
Unknown

Date Profile Completed: 1/5/2015, updated 03/12/2020
References:
Kearney, Thomas H., Peebles, Robert H., 1960, Arizona Flora, University of California Press, Berkley and Los Angeles, California.
U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service on-line database and USGS ITIS search - (accessed 03/04/2020)
https://plants.usda.gov/java/ClassificationServlet?source=profile&symbol=CRYPT&display=31 - State seach for Cryptantha.
The Plant List (2013). Version 1.1. Published on the Internet; http://www.theplantlist.org/ (accessed 03/04/2020).
http://www.theplantlist.org/1.1/browse/A/Boraginaceae/Cryptantha/
Shreve and Wiggins 1964, Allred and Ivey 2012, Welsh et al 2003, Kelley et al 2014 (Jepson); Editors: S. Buckley, 2010, A. Hazelton 2015; from SEINet Field Guide, on-line; - (accessed 03/12/2020).
http://swbiodiversity.org/seinet/taxa/index.php?taxon=1844
Ronald B. Kelley, Michael G. Simpson & Kristen E. Hasenstab-Lehman 2012, Cryptantha pterocarya, in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, /eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=21283, accessed on March 12, 2020.
https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=21283
Ronald B. Kelley, Michael G. Simpson & Kristen E. Hasenstab-Lehman 2012, Cryptantha pterocarya var. cycloptera, in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, /eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=57153, accessed on March 12, 2020.
https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=57153
Ronald B. Kelley, Michael G. Simpson & Kristen E. Hasenstab-Lehman 2012, Cryptantha pterocarya var. pterocarya, in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, /eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=57154, accessed on March 12, 2020.
https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=57154
The Jepson Desert Manual; 2002; Baldwin, Bruce G., et. al.; The Jepson Desert Manual: Vascular Plants of Southeastern California; p.200; Univ. of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, California
Wikipedia contributors, 'Cryptantha pterocarya', Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 7 March 2018, 03:25 UTC,
https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cryptantha_pterocarya&oldid=829181553 [accessed 12 March 2020]
SEINet for synonyms, scientific names and recorded geographic locations, http://swbiodiversity.org/seinet/.
Etymology:Michael L. Charters California Plant Names: Latin and Greek Meanings and Derivations; A Dictionary of Botanical and Biographical Etymology - (accessed 02/12/2020)
http://www.calflora.net/botanicalnames/pageCA-CH.html
http://www.calflora.net/botanicalnames/pagePI-PY.html